Resumen

RODRIGUEZ-MORAN, Martha  y  GUERRERO-ROMERO, Fernando. Electrocardiographic abnormalities and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Salud pública Méx [online]. 1999, vol.41, n.1, pp. 12-17. ISSN 0036-3634.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0036-36341999000100003.

Objective. To determine the most frequent alterations in rhythm and cardiac conduction in patients with type 2 diabetes without previous cardiopathy, and to establish the association of this disease with cardiovascular risk factors. Material and methods. Subjects with type 2 diabetes, without cardiopathy antecedents were included in the study. Cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index and serum glucose, cholesterol and trygliceride levels were determined. A resting electrocardiogram was recorded. The association between the variables under study and arrhythmia was calculated with a multivariate analysis adjusted by sex. Results. A total of 199 patients were included: 113 women (56.8%) and 86 men (43.2%). Arrhythmia was registered in 29.1% of the subjects. Anterior hemiblock (AH) and right bundle branch block (RBBB) constituted 75.9% of the identified alterations. Patients with arrhythmia and conduction disorders have higher levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Appearance of arrhythmia is directly related to aging (r= 0.75, p= 0.01). The multivariate analysis adjusted by sex revealed that hypercholesterolemia and aging are significantly associated with arrhythmia and conduction alterations: OR 1.5, CI 95%, 1.1-4.6, p< 0.05 and OR 1.3, CI 95% 1.0-5.2, p< 0.05, respectively. Conclusions. The most frequent arrhythmia and conduction disorders in type 2 diabetes are AH and RBBB. Hypercholesterolemia and aging are the strongest and most frequent factors associated to the presence of this disease.

Palabras llave : arrhythmia; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; Mexico.